Transaction Search Form: please type in any of the fields below.
Date: April 30, 2024 Tue
Time: 12:58 am
Time: 12:58 am
Results for economics and development
2 results foundAuthor: Global Financial Integrity Title: Illicit Financial Flows From Africa: Hidden Resource for Development Summary: This paper presents an analysis of the volume and pattern of illicit financial flows from African countries over a 39-year period from 1970 to 2008. The paper makes a contribution given that existing research on long-term trends in the pattern of illicit flows from African countries is rather scanty. The classification of African countries used in this paper differs from that in the IMF’s World Economic Outlook; here, Egypt and Libya (members of the African Union) are included under North Africa while the group of CFA Franc countries is distributed along a geographical basis. The paper presents estimates of illicit financial flows from Africa and its various regions and economic groupings during the 1970s, 1980s, 1990s, and the most recent nine-year period 2000-2008 for which data are available. We find that illicit flows have not only grown on a decennial basis, cumulatively they have come to far exceed the continent’s outstanding external debt at the end of 2008. The statistical analysis of long-term trends brings out some interesting regional disparities in the pattern and growth of such flows. Utilizing the World Bank Residual model and the IMF Direction of Trade Statistics, illicit outflows from Africa across the 39-year period are estimated at US$854 billion. The authors point out that data limitation significantly understates the problem. Making various adjustments to the estimate suggests that the volume of illicit flows over the period 1970 to 2008 may be closer to US$1.8 trillion. We argue that this staggering loss of capital seriously hampers Africa’s efforts at poverty alleviation and economic development. Details: Washington, DC: Global Financial Integrity, 2010. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed September 13, 2010 at: http://www.gfip.org/storage/gfip/documents/reports/gfi_africareport_web.pdf Year: 2010 Country: Africa URL: http://www.gfip.org/storage/gfip/documents/reports/gfi_africareport_web.pdf Shelf Number: 119790 Keywords: Corrupt PracticesEconomics and DevelopmentMoney Laundering |
Author: Cox, Marcus Title: Security and Justice: Measuring the Development Returns: A Review of Knowledge Summary: This paper reviews the state of knowledge on the role of security and justice (S&J) in the development process. The purpose is to enable DFID and its partners to gain a better understanding of the returns available from investments in this area, in terms of economic growth, poverty reduction and achievement of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). As well as presenting the evidence available from the literature, we are asked to assess the state of knowledge, describing the methodological challenges and how they are being addressed, and proposing areas for further research. The literature proves to be full of theoretical disputes and methodological pitfalls. It is clear that there is a strong association between justice and development, in the sense that prosperous countries generally have more complex legal systems and deliver a higher quality of S&J services to citizens. However, association is not causation, and the causal chains are complex and difficult to disentangle. It may be that it is the economy that drives the development of the legal system. Historical studies of East Asian development suggest this is the direction of causation. Some authors have suggested that there is no general rule on causation but rather, as Messick puts it, a series of ― on and off connections -, with the two variables causally interdependent at some stages of the development process and autonomous at others. For the policy maker, the key question is therefore: to what extent and in what circumstances is the justice system an independent variable, offering a promising entry point for development assistance? The paper looks at theories on the links between S&J and development, and the evidence used to test them, across a number of areas. It begins with the two main branches of research in the field: econometric studies on the impact of law and justice on economic performance; and bottom-up analysis (variously called access to justice or legal empowerment) on how insecurity and injustice affect the lives of poor people. It then considers evidence of linkages across four specific areas identified by DFID in the TORs: property and housing; crime and violence; gender discrimination; and governance. Details: London: Agulhas Development Consultants, 2008. 61p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed December 15, 2010 at: http://www.agulhas.co.uk/cms_files/14/Agulhas_S&J_Development_Returns_Aug_08.pdf Year: 2008 Country: International URL: http://www.agulhas.co.uk/cms_files/14/Agulhas_S&J_Development_Returns_Aug_08.pdf Shelf Number: 120511 Keywords: Crime and Socioeconomic ConditionsEconomics and DevelopmentPovertySecurity |